(Solved): Question 1 Which of the following describes the relevance of the brain to the field of psychology? ...

Question 1 Which of the following describes the relevance of the brain to the field of psychology?

1. None of these answers is correct.

2. Psychology studies the biological mechanisms through which the brain is connected to the body.

3. There is a negligible connection between psychology and the brain.

4. Psychology studies mental processes and behavior, which are controlled by the brain.

Question 2 Cells that carry information from the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body are called _____.

1. sensory neurons

2. motor neurons

3. interneurons

4. neurotransmitters

Question 3 Which of the following parts of the brain is primarily concerned with autonomic functions such as breathing?

1. The midbrain

2. The mesencephalon

3. The hindbrain

4. The forebrain

Question 4 Damage to the hippocampus often results in which of the following?

1. both of these answers

2. neither of these answers

3. difficulty in forming new memories

4. difficulty in accessing memories prior to the damage

Question 5 Which part of the neuron is responsible for receiving information from other cells and passing messages to the cell body?

1. dendrite

2. axon

3. synapse

4. interneuron

Question 6 Alyssa steps into a busy intersection and is almost hit by a speeding car. Adrenaline secretes into her system, her heart rate rises, and she jumps back onto the sidewalk. Which portion of the nervous system is at work here?

1. The somatic nervous system

2. The parasympathetic nervous system

3. The sympathetic nervous system

4. The central nervous system

Question 7 How do messages from the endocrine system compare to messages from the nervous system?

1. Messages from the endocrine system are slower and last longer.

2. Messages from the endocrine system are faster but last longer.

3. Messages from the nervous system are slower and last longer.

4. Messages from the nervous system are slower but don't last as long.

Question 8 After neurotransmitters have acted on an adjacent neuron, extra neurotransmitters are reabsorbed in a process known as

1. repolarization.

2. synaptic cleft.

3. depolarization.

4. reuptake.

Question 9 Which of the following statements about neurotransmitters is true?

1. Neurotransmitters are genes that influence the communication between neurons.

2. Neurotransmitters are chemicals released by neurons that effect behavior.

3. Neurotransmitters are chemicals released in the endocrine systems that effect behavior.

4. Neurotransmitters have a uniform influence on behavior.

Question 10 Which of the following scans records both the structure and the functional activity of the brain through computer adaptation of multiple images?

1. fMRI

2. EEG

3. PET

4. MRI

Question 11 Developmental psychologists utilize which of the following:

1. None of these answers

2. Both of these answers

3. Research methods, including experimental, cross-sectional, and case study.

4. Research designs, including longitudinal, cross-sectional, sequential, and microgenetic design.

Question 12 Andy follows the rules set up in his classroom in order to avoid the punishment he knows will follow if the rules are broken. He is most likely in which level of moral development?

1. Conventional, Stage 3

2. Pre-conventional, Stage 1

3. Conventional, Stage 4

4. Pre-conventional, Stage 2

Question 13 Birth defects due to environmental agents, such as drugs, alcohol, or smoking, are most likely to occur during which developmental stages?

1. embryonic and fetal

2. germinal and fetal

3. germinal, embryonic, and fetal

4. germinal and embryonic

Question 14 The newborn baby's reflex that aids in survival by assisting them to find a nipple for food is known as ______.

1. Babinski

2. Moro

3. Rooting/sucking

4. Stepping

Question 15 By the age of 3, most children can perform all of the following tasks EXCEPT:

1. Tying shoes without assistance

2. Kicking a ball

3. Balancing on one foot for a few seconds

4. Building a 8-block tower

Question 16 A researcher shows a child a ball of clay. Next, the researcher molds the ball into a thin rod and then breaks that into 10 pieces. The child is able to determine that if rolled back into a single ball, the clay would look the same as it did originally. Which of the following cognitive abilities is the child demonstrating?

1. reversibility

2. assimilation

3. deferred imitation

4. hypothetical thinking

Question 17 Which of the following describes a behavior from Piaget's formal operational stage of development?

1. Hypothetical thinking

2. Both hypothetical thinking and abstract reasoning

3. Abstract reasoning

4. Neither hypothetical thinking nor abstract reasoning

Question 18 John Bowlby's stage of attachment in which children start to protest a caregiver's departure, known as separation anxiety, is called _______.

1. Attachment-in-the-making

2. Preattachment

3. Clear-cut attachment

4. Formation of reciprocal attachment

Question 19 All of the following are criticisms of Freud's work EXCEPT which one?

1. Freud was not an actual psychologist.

2. Freud never worked directly with children.

3. Freud may have created memories and influenced his patients.

4. Freud was too focused on human sexuality.

Question 20 Erikson's stage of development that suggests people need to find their place in world to be successful adults is known as ____________.

1. Industry vs. Inferiority

2. Initiative vs. Guilt

3. Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

4. Identity vs. Role Confusion