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project: Design and build(simulate) a 4-bit counter: --it must not be build using JK-flip-flop (any other type) --it must flip on 3,4,13

The Phillips curve describing an economy takes the form u = un – \alpha (\pi – \Epsilon \pi ). The central bank directly sets the inflation rate to minimize the following loss function, L(u, \pi ) = u – \gamma \pi 2. The symbol u denotes the unemployment rates, un is the natural rate of unemployment, \pi is the inflation rate, \Epsilon \pi is the expected inflation rate, and \alpha and \gamma are behavioral response parameters of the economy. Private agents form their expectations rationally before the central bank sets the inflation rate. The optimal inflation rate when the central bank operates using a fixed rule will be ______. The optimal inflation rate when the central bank operates with discretion will be ______. Question 7 options: A) 0; un B) 0; \alpha /(2\gamma ) C) un; 0 D) \alpha /(2\gamma ); 0

Calculate the voltage generated by a fuel cell at 85 A/m^2 using the equations given . the following assumptions are made to simplify the analysis of PEM fuel cell stack [18]. (1) The system reaches a steady state. (2) Air in the fuel cell consists of 79% N2 and 21% O2. (3) Chemical reaction reaches equilibrium state. (4) Constant and equal pressures in the fuel cell gas flow channels. (5) The fuel is humidified hydrogen and oxidant is humidified air. Assume the effective anode water vapor pressure is 50% of the saturated vapor pressure while the effective cathode water pressure is 100%. (6) The fuel cell operating temperature keeps at 85 C, and fuel cell operating pressure is 303.96 kPa. (7) Flow temperature at the exit of the channels is constant and equal to the operating temperature of stack. (8) The temperature is distributed uniformly across the stack and the overall specific heat capacity is assumed to be a constant. (9) Pressure change at PEM fuel cell stack is negligible. (10) The heat loss to surroundings is neglected due to the insulation layer. The organic working fluids are chosen to instead of the conventional coolant for the PEM fuel cell stack heat dissipation. (11) Parameters for single cell can be lumped together to form a stack. (12) The mechanical conversion efficiency of compressor is assumed to be 100%.

The memory controller on a microprocessor employs a limited open page policy, keeping pages open for a fixed amount of time after each access. If no reference is made to the open page during that time, then it is closed (and ACTIVATE command is issued to the bank). Assume use of PC3-10600 DIMM with (9-9-9-24) timing. Assume memory reads only. a) How long (in DRAM memory cycles) will a memory reference take to complete if it’s to an empty page (one that has been closed)? b) How long (in DRAM memory cycles) will a memory reference take to complete if it’s a page hit (it’s to an open page)? c) How long (in DRAM memory cycles) will a memory reference take to complete if it’s a page miss (it’s to a bank with an open page but it’s not the page requested)?

Consider a direct-mapped cache with 32 lines (blocks) of 32 bytes using write allocation with write back. The cache does not utilize critical word first. For each CPU memory reference below, identify whether it results in a cache hit or a miss. If a miss, identify the type of miss. For each CPU memory reference, identify any actual memory operations the cache performs. For each actual memory operation indicate whether it’s a read or write, the starting address, and the number of bytes transferred. Assume the cache starts out invalidated. Assume all CPU memory references are to single bytes. Assume the system does not employ critical word first and the DIMMs support programmable burst length of 4 or 8. denotes a hexadecimal number. Thus 0x08 = 0816.

Health Department program has given guidelines for maintaining Blood count to create awareness among people. In the public interest they have published these border line various test values for the three different types of blood count as follows: Hemoglobin: 11-16 RBC: 3-6 WBC: 4 - 11 a. Derive the total numbers of test cases that will be needed for BVA, Robust BVA, Worst Case BVA and Robust Worst case BVA. b. Write Normal BVA test cases.