Two-year-old Alex is putting together a puzzle for the first time. Alex's mother notices that he has difficulty matching the correct pieces so she sits down and helps him construct the outside edges of the puzzle. As Alex begins to see the picture more clearly, he is able to find the correct places for the remaining puzzle pieces. As a result, his mother withdraws her support. This example illustrates Vygotksy's notion of cognitive schemes. zone of proximal development. emphasis on independent learning. microsystem.